As of the 17th century, France sets the standard for all of Europe. First the French Sun King Louis XIV becomes the model and envy of every European ruler, then the Emperor Napoleon threatens the established order. The notion of ‘liberté, égalité, fraternité’, born of the Enlightenment and the French Revolution of 1789, captures the imagination of people across Europe. However, the 1848 Spring of Nations is bloodily suppressed. The time is not yet ripe for European dreams of peace and freedom.